LIFESTYLE

Mengupas Sejarah Bekasi, Ssst Pernah Jadi Bagian dari Jakarta

- by Sakha Bintang - 138 Comments.
Tugu Patriot Kota Bekasi (foto:Djangkaru Bumi)

JAKARTA, AKSIKATA.COM – Beberapa waktu lalu, warga Bekasi dibuat heboh lantaran ada wacana Bekasi akan menjadi bagian dari DKI Jakarta. Wali Kota Bekasi Rahmat Effendi mengakui bahwa sempat mencuat wacana Bekasi akan dijadikan bagian dari Jakarta di bagian Tenggara, dengan sebutan Jakarta Tenggara.

Namun, jika dilihat secara historis, di masa lampau, Bekasi adalah bagian dari Batavia (Jakarta). Akan tetapi, saat pemerintahan Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS) di tahun 1950, tokoh masyarakat Bekasi ingin keluar dari Distrik Federal Jakarta dan meminta Bekasi dimasukkan ke dalam RIS.

Dikutif dari buku Sejarah Singkat Kabupaten Bekasi (2019) karangan sejarawan Ali Anwar diceritakan, sebelum tahun 1950, daerah seperti Bekasi, Cakung, dan Tambun merupakan bagian dari Batavia dengan kabupatennya Jatinegara. Tetapi, pada tahun 1950, rakyat Bekasi menuntut untuk keluar dari distrik Jakarta dan menolak masuk ke Negara Pasundan yang merupakan boneka Belanda.

Rakyat Bekasi menginginkan masuk ke Republik Indonesia. Saat itu Indonesia tak menganut sistem negara kesatuan, melainkan sistem federalisme sebagai buntut dari perjanjian Linggarjati. Rakyat Bekasi lalu menggelar Resolusi Rakyat Bekasi pada 17 Januari 1950.

Sekitar 25 ribu warga Bekasi di alun-alun membacakan tuntutan, yang dipimpin oleh Entong Gani bin Saadih. Mereka menuntut agar Kabupaten Jatinegara diganti dengan Kabupaten Bekasi. Wilayah tersebut meliputi Jatinegara, Cawang, Cilincing.

Tuntutan rakyat itu dipenuhi pemerintahan federal. Untuk menguatkan itu, dibuat UU No. 14 Tahun 1950 tertanggal 15 Agustus 1950. R Suhandan Umar yang sebelumnya menjadi Bupati Jatinegara didaulat sebagai Bupati Pertama Bekasi. Pada mulanya Kantor Kabupaten Bekasi berada di Jatinegara. Kantor pemerintahan tersebut resmi dipindahkan pada 1962.

Kantor Kabupaten Bekasi

Sayang, dua hari setelah penetapan Bekasi sebagai kabupaten yang otonom, RIS justru bubar, karena banyak protes. Akhirnya, Kabupaten Bekasi dimasukan ke dalam Provinsi Jawa Barat. Wilayah Bekasi dikembalikan oleh komando militer Djatingara kepada Bupati Kabupaten Djatinegara.

Belakangan, Kabupaten Bekasi pun mengalami transformasi. Salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Bekasi ditingkatkan statusnya menjadi Kota Administrasi Bekasi pada tahun 1982. Ibukota Kabupaten Bekasi ditingkatkan statusnya menjadi Kota pada tanggal 10 Maret 1997.

Asal usul Bekasi

Dikutip dari website resmi bekasikab.go.id, disebutkan bahwa “Bekasi” berdasarkan penelusuran Poerbatjaraka (se-orang ahli bahasa Sansekerta dan Jawa Kuno), secara filologis berasal dari kata Candrabagha; Candra berarti bulan (dalam bahasa Jawa Kuno berarti “sasi”) dan bagha berarti bagian.

Sehingga Candrabhaga berarti bagian dari bulan. Dalam pelafalannya Candrabhaga sering disebut Sasibhaga atau Baghasa-si. Dalam pengucapannya sering-kali disingkat Bhagasi, dan karena adanya pengaruh bahasa Belanda maka sering ditulis Bacassie, kemudian kata Bacassie berubah menjadi Bekasi hingga kini.

Candrabhaga merupakan bagian dari Kerajaan Tarumanagara, yang berdiri sejak abad ke 5 Masehi. Diduga bahwa Bekasi merupakan salah satu pusat Kerajaan Tarumanagara. Dalam Prasasti Tugu, di Cilincing, Jakarta, tertulis; ” ..dahulu kali yang bernama Kali Candrabhaga digali oleh Maharaja Yang Mulia Purnawarman, yang mengalir hingga ke laut, bahkan kali ini mengalir di sekeliling istana kerajaan.”

Setelah kerajaan Tarumanagara runtuh (abad 7), kerajaan yang memiliki pengaruh cukup besar terhadap Bekasi adalah Kerajaan Padjadjaran, terlihat dari situs sejarah Batu Tulis (di daerah Bogor), Sutarga lebih jauh menjelaskan, bahwa Bekasi merupakan bagian dari wilayah Kerajaan Padjadjaran dan merupakan salah satu pelabuhan sungai yang ramai dikunjungi oleh para pedagang.

Di masa penjajahan Belanda, Bekasi menjadi district yang dikenal sebagai wilayah pertanian yang subur, terdiri atas tanah-tanah partikelir, system kepemilikan tanahnya dikuasai oleh tuan-tuan tanah (kaum partikelir) dari pengusaha Eropa dan para saudagar Cina.

Hasilnya pertanian di Bekasi lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan distrik-distrik lain di Batavia, distrik Bekasi rata-rata mencapai 30-40 pikul padi setiap bau, sedangkan distrik lain hanya mampu menghasilkan padi 15-30 pikul.

Sebagian besar wilayah Bekasi adalah dataran rendah dengan bagian selatan yang berbukit-bukit. Ketinggian lokasi antara 0 – 115 meter dan kemiringan 0 – 250 meter. Kabupaten Bekasi yang terletak di sebelah Utara Provinsi Jawa Barat dengam mayoritas daerah merupakan dataran rendah, 72% wilayah Kabupaten Bekasi berada pada ketinggian 0-25 meter di atas permukaan air laut.

Wali Kota Bekasi Rahmat Effendi. (Foto : Kuncoro Widyo Rumpoko)

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